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Temporomandibular joint dysfunction

Professional Name TMJ syndrome

Summary

TMJ syndrome is a disorder of the jaw joint and the chewing muscles. Pain while chewing is mainly experienced. There are many ways to treat TMJ syndrome. Anti-inflammatory drugs and others painkillers may be used. Furthermore, in severe cases, surgery may be performed.

Description

Temporomandibular joint and muscle dysfunction, which is commonly called TMJ syndrome, is a condition that causes pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and the muscles that control jaw movement.

Occurrence + Symptoms

In TMJ syndrome, displacement of the cartilage disc in the joint of the jaw that causes pressure and stretching of the associated sensory nerves may be present. Popping or clicking occurs when the disk snaps into place as the jaw moves. In addition, the chewing muscles may spasm, not function efficiently, and cause pain and tenderness. Causes of TMJ syndrome may include 1) trauma to the jaw, 2) teeth grinding, 3) excessive chewing of chewing-gum, 4) improper bite or malposition of the jaw, 5) arthritis, 6) stress or other psychological factors. People with TMJ syndrome often have symptoms such as ear pain, sore jaw muscles, cheek pain, jaw popping or clicking, locking of the jaw, difficulty in opening the mouth fully and head or neck aches.

Consequences + Treatment

To avoid TMJ syndrome, you can follow these tips: 1) rest the muscles and joints by eating soft foods, 2) do not chew chewing-gum, 3) avoid clenching your teeth and 4) relax muscles with moist heat. In cases of joint injury, apply ice packs soon after the injury to reduce swelling. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants or other painkillers may also be used. Other treatments for advanced cases may include fabrication of an occlusal splint for use at night to prevent wear and tear on the joint, improving the alignment of the upper and lower teeth. Sometimes surgery may be needed.

Possible symptoms of the disease:

face pain, pain in the face, lockjaw (limited mouth opening), earache
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